1. DEFINITION OF DOPING.
Doping is the habit of using chemical substances such as drugs, hormones or practising non-natural methods to enhance athletic performance (Freudenrich, 2003; Haynes & Fitch, 1992). According to the Council of Europe, sports doping is the utilising of materials that are foreign to the body, in minute or large quantities, or the application of psychological processes with the purpose of improving the athletic performance in a competition in a dishonest manner [Ferstle, 1993 , p256]. The use of drugs as medicine to alleviate pain, as a course of therapy or as treatment is also considered doping if the effect of that drug causes the performance of the athlete to be superior to the regular level[Ferstle,1993, p256].
2. EFFECTS OF DRUGS ON THE ATHLETE (PHYSICAL/PSYCHOLOGICAL).
The effects of the various drugs stated in the table above on the athlete have been documented. It is found that irresponsible usage, the usage without prescription and the usage contrary to the original intention will cause adverse effects to develop both physically and psychologically. The following paragraphs will explain the function of the drugs, what they are normally used for and the negative effects that can develop with abuse. However, only certain mainstream drugs that are frequently used will be described.
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